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4 J. H. RICHARDS. BRUSH AND MACHINE FOR REMOVING PINS 0R BURRS PROM TYPE.

No. 550,137. Patented Nov. 19, 1895.

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J. H. RICHARDS. BRUSH AND MACHINBFOR REMOVING PINS 0R BURRS FROM TYPE.

N0. 550 ,137. Patented Nov. 19, 1895.

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J? HgRIGHARDS. BRUSH AND MACHINE FOR REMOVING PINS 0B. BURKS PROM TYPE.

1%. 550,137. Patented- -Nov. 19, 1895.

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ANDREW BGRAHAM. PHOTO'LH'HQWASHINGTONJYC.

UNITED STATES PATE T. OFFIC J OSIAS I-I. RICHARDS, OF ELMIRA, NET/V YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO LEON A. MERRILL, OF SAME PLACE. I

BRUSH AND MACHINE FOR REMOVING FINS 0R BURRS FROM TYPE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 550,137, dated November 19, 1895. Application filed June 20, 1895. Serial No. 553,394. (No model.)

To aZl whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JosIAs H. RICHARDS, a citizen of the United States, residing atElmira, in the county of Ohemung and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Brush and Machine for Removing the Fins or Burrs from Type; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The present invention has for its object to provide means whereby the fins or burrs between the letters which result from the casting of a slug or line of type by the linotype or other similar type-setting machine are effectively removed.

The type or matrices used on the linotypemachine quickly burn out the partition that separates the letters or matrices from each other, and as soon as the partitions burn or break down the impression of these fins or burrs will show on the print.

Now it is. the purpose of the invention to provide a simple and effective means of removing these projecting fins or burrs, and in using the term removing I desire it understood as covering in its broad sense the breaking or bending of these fins or burrs below the face of the letters, which is expeditiously accomplished without injury to the face of the type, thereby cleaning the type and insuring a sharp and clean impression thereof upon the print. V

The invention consists of a brush with its bristles disposed at an angle; also, in a suitable mechanism for operating the brush, and a suitable spring or cushion between the power and brush, as will be hereinafter described and claimed.

Figure 1 of the drawings is a perspective view of a machine which substantially embodies my invention; Fig. 2, an end View thereof, partly in section; Fig. 3, a detail view of the mechanism for operating the brush 3 Fig. 4, a side elevation, partly in section, showing the treadle and its connections with the standard Figs. 5 and 6, detail Views showing modifications of the cushion or spring used between the brush and power for operating it; Figs. 7 and 8, modified forms of the brush.

In the accompanying drawings, A represents a standard or column of any suitable height, size, and shape and which is preferably constructed of cast metal. At the up per end of this standard or column is a support B, which support may be cast therewith or formed separately and afterward secured thereto in any suitable and wellknown manner. This support, which may be of any desirable size and shape, has connected thereto a suitable table 0. This table is preferably formed with depending flanges a at its sides, which overlap similar flanges b, said flanges extending upward from the support B, thus forming guides for the table and preventing it from lateral displacement.

The support B may have a plurality of guiderollers 0, upon which the table rests, said rollers being connected to the transverse shafts cl, which have their bearings in the upwardly-extending. guide-flanges 1) upon the support. These guide-rollers may be connected to the support in any suitable manner and made to revolve with the shafts or independently thereof, as found most desirable, or any suitable guide-rollers may be substituted for those shown and secured in position in any well-known manner.

Grooves 6 may be formed in the upper side of the support B for the guide-rollers c to turn in.

When the shafts are stationary and the rollers are loosely mounted thereon, the grooves above referred to will retain'the rollers in position upon the shafts and prevent them from moving laterally thereon.

The guide-rollers enable the table to be more easily and readily moved along the support to bring all the type under the cleaningbrush.

Any form of movable table may be substituted for that shown and may be supported in any suitable manner that will admit of it being moved longitudinally or lengthwise to bring an uncleaned section of type. under the brush.

The type, as shown at X, are held in an upright position by means of a suitable galley inders d 0', respectively.

I), of any desirable construction, said galley in turn being .held against lateral displacement by means of guides E I the latter being stationary. while the former is rendered adjust-able by means of the transverse slots 1 and the thumb-screws g or by any otherconvcnient and well-known means.-

The lateral adjustment of the guide E enables any size or width of galley to be held in position upon the table, and when the table 0 is rendered movable, as herein shown and described, these guides E F simply act as clamps to hold the galley D in position; but when the table is stationary it would be necessary to move the galley along to bring the un-' cleaned type under the brush, in which case the guides would guide the galley when moved along on the table. These guides and the galley in their present construction are not an absolutely essential feature ofthe invention, and therefore can be variously modified or changed without a'lfectingthe cleaning of the type, as may also the other features of the machine hereinbefore described, all of which are susceptible of many changes in the details of construction without departing from the principle of my invention.

The cleaning-brush, which is one of the important and essential features of-the in vention, is represented at G and is provided with a suitable blade or handle or arm, as shown at II. In Figs. 1, 2, and 3 of the drawings I have shown this handle, blade, or arm, of the construction necessary, to becomposed of spring material, such as spring-steel, or of wood having the necessary elasticity, thereby providing a spring-handle, so that when the brush is rapidly vibrated it will strike below the line of motion and produce a cushion blow, the brush when brought down upon the face of the type having a vibratory and yielding action. This is especially important when the brush is used by hand, as it renders its action more effective; but in either case, whether operated by hand, or other power, this yielding action of the brush when brought down upon the face of the type enables a cushion blow to be given through the action of the spring-handle, thereby materially lessening the wear upon the bristles, and consequently lengthening the life of the brush.

\Vhen the brush is operated by a suitable driving-power other than hand-powe r, it is desirable to provide a spring or cushion at a point between the brush and power, any wellknown form of spring or cushion connecting with the brush and the blade, handle, or arm thereof that will serve to assist in striking the blow as well as serving to start the brush vibrating being used, and therefore I do not wish to be limited in my invention to any particular form of spring or cushion.

I have shown in Fig. 5 the brush G, provided with an upright stem at, having the two pistons b c, which pistons work in the short cyl- An air space is formed between the pistons and heads of the cylinder. \Vhen the brush 'ibrating, the air in the cylinders between the heads thereof and the pistons will be compressed and cushion the brush, and thereby produce the necessary action thereon, as hereinbefore described. The same action upon the brush maybe attained in various ways, and in place of the pistons and cylinders above described suitable springs maybe used, either of rubber or metal.

I have shown in Fig. 6 one of various forms of springconnections that may be employed to produce the same cushion action upon the brush, the stem to in the present case extending up through lugs j g on the end of the blade, handle, or arm II. Spiral springs h v." encircle the stem a, the ends of said springs bearing, respectively, against the lugs and against a collar connected to the stem in any preferred manner;

Another essential and important feature of the invention is in the arrangement of. the bristles of the brush, which bristles are disposed at an angle to a perpendicular instead of being arranged straight up. and down or at right angles to the back of the brush. I 1'- makes no difference as to what angle or degree of inclination the bristles assume so long as said bristles are not vertical or straight up and down, asin the bristles of ordinary brushes, modifications of the arrangement of the bristles being shown in Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawings.

The advantage gained by having the bristles inclined or at an angle prevents the bristles from passing between the fins or burrs. \Vhen the bristles are straight up and down, as in ordinary brushes, the effect would be to strike the face of the type perpendicularly when the back of the brush is brought parallel to the face of the type, and the bristles would pass between the fins or burrsinstead of against them, which would leave the fins or burrs just as they were previous to the action of the brush upon the type. Now when the bristles are disposed at an angle to a perpendicular and the type are struckwith the brush while the back thereof is parallel to the face of the type, these fins or burrs will be broken or bent down below the face of the letters on the type by virtue of the bristles striking a glancing or pushing blow instead of being brought down vertically, as would be the case were the bristles straight up and down.

The bristles of the brush may be of the ordinary hair bristles or may be of whalebone, wire, or of any other desirable material that would be found suitable for thepurpose, and the bristles may be. fastened to the brushback in any suitable and well-known manner, and the back may be constructed similar to the ordinary brush-back, such changes comin g within ordinarymechanical skill, and consequently are left entirely to the manufacturer. hach bristle striking a glancing or pushing blow instead of a blow vertically will break or bend the fi'ns or burrs without injury to the face of the letters.

Although this brush is capable of being used by hand, it is desirable that it be operated by suitable machinery, in order to have the brush acted upon uniformly, so that a rapid and uniform strike of the brush upon the face of the type may be obtained, and thus quickly cleaning the fins or burrs from between the letters.

As the essential feature of the invention resides in the peculiar construction of the brush and not in any particular arrangement of mechanism for operating it, I have shown one of many forms of mechanism that may be successfully employed, which I will proceed to describe.

The standard or column A may have cast with or connected thereto in any suitable manner abracket I, of any desirable construction. This bracket at its upper end has bearings h, to and between which is suitably pivoted a holder K, to which the end of the brush handle or blade H is secured. This holder may be of any suitable construction so long as it will enable the brush handle or blade to be connected thereto by a clamp iorby other well-known means found best adapted to the purpose. The clamp iis held down upon the brush handle or blade H by means of a screw 7;, which passes through said clamp and through a hole in the handle or blade and engages with a screwthreaded socket in the holder K. Thus by loosening the clamp and removing the screw the brush can be removed. The bracket I has outwardly-projecting lugs Z, between which is connected the slotted head on of an eccentric-rod L. This rod is screwthreaded at its lower end to engage with a screw-threaded socket M, said socket being connected to an eccentric N by means of clamps n 0. The eccentric-rod L is screwthreaded, and the screw-threaded socket M is provided for said rod, so that the wear may be taken up. This is accomplished by removing the pin 19, that holds the slotted head m to the lugs Z, which will allow the rod L to be turned to screw it in or out of the socket M.

The screw-threaded socket M is split longi-' tudinally and has lugs or ears r, with which engages a tightening-screw 3, thus enabling the socket to be tightened up against the rod L after said rod has been adjusted. The eccentric N, which operates the socket M and rod L, is formed with a short horizontal shaft 0, which has its bearings in the bracket I in any preferred manner.

The screw-threaded socket M may be dispensed with, if desired, and the rod L operated by any suitable and well-known means in place of the cam N upon the shaft.

There are many well-known means, such as crank or cam connections, which may be employed that will give to the rod the desired motion by which the holder K is rocked upon its beari ngs,

A belt-pulley P is secured to'one end of the shaft 0, and by means of a belt from an engine or other power which extends over the pulley said shaft is revolved, which, through its connections with the rod L, will impart to said rod a vertically-reciprocating motion and to the holder K a rocking motion. The rod and holder being thus operated, the brush will have communicated to it the necessary pounding or vibratory motion necessary to break or bend the fins or burrs below the face of the letters by the inclined bristles striking a glancing or pushing blow upon the face of the type, as hereinbefore described. A rod R at its upper end is connected to the holder K and at its lower end connects in any suitable manner with a foot-treadle S, said rod being formed in sections and connected by a coupling 25. The foot-treadle S is connected to the standard or column A in any suitable and well-known manner, the object of which is to control the motion of the brush by means of the foot. When the foot is removed from the treadle, a coiled spring U or other automatically acting device will elevate the treadle after the pressure is removed therefrom. WVhen pressure of the foot is upon the treadle, the releasing-rod R will be depressed and the upper end thereof removed from contact with a bearing-flange u, which projects from the holder K. The holder is now free to rock in its bearings and impart to the brush the required motion; but when it is desired to stop the motion of the brush pressure upon the treadle is removed. The releasing-rodR will now be forced up until the end thereof comes in contact with the bearing-flange u, which action of the rod upon the bearingfiange will hold stationary the brush-holder K and also the brush, the rod L playing up and down without acting on the holder. Thus the brush may be stopped or set in motion .by pressure of the foot upon the treadle or by removing the foot therefrom, respectively. The co'uplingt enables the rod, which is made in sections, to be shortened or lengthened to adapt it to the action of the treadle, the ends of the rods being screw-threaded to engage with the threads of the coupling.

The foot-treadle may be of any suitable construction and connected to the standard or column Ain any preferred manner; but in the present instance the foot portion of the treadle is connected to arms 1;, which in turn are suitably pivoted at their extremities to the sides of the standard of column, and to one of these arms is suitably connected the releasingrod R.

If desired, a suitable disk or packing 10 may be interposed between the clamp '11 and holder K, in order to raise the handle of the brush to the proper height and to enable the brush to be lowered by removing the disk or packing, in order to compensate for the wear of the bristles of the brush, this disk or packing being made of any suitable material desired.

A coiled spring Thas its respective ends ICO IIO

connected to the bracket I and to the bearing-flange a, which projects from the holder K, said spring pulling down the holder after it has been raised by the action of the rod L.

The means employed for operating the holder K may be variously modified or changed, as may also the foot-treadle and its connections and means for stopping and releasing the holder by which the motion of the brush is controlled.

Although I consider the construction and arrangement of devices herein shown and described to be the most effective and simple in operation, I do not wish to be understood as confining or limiting myself thereto, as any suitable operating mechanism may be employed that will give to the brush the desired action upon the face of the type. Such changes as maybe made in the mechanism to impart to the brush that vibratory or pound ing motion necessary to produce the result with the form and character herein described will serve the purpose and come within the scope of my invention.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A machine for removing the fins or burrs from type,consist-in g of a suitable table or sup port for the type, a brush having its bristles disposed on an inclineor at an angle to a perpendicular, and suitable means for imparting to the brush a vibratory action, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. A machine for removing the fins or burrs from type, consisting of a standard or column, a movable or sliding table supported thereon, abrush having its bristles disposed on an incline or at an angle to a perpendicular, and means for operating the brush, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3.111 a machine for removing the fins or burrs from type, consisting of a standard or column provided with a' suitable table or support, a brush having its bristles disposed 011 an incline or at an angle to a perpendicular,- a holder for the brush, and means for imparting to the holder a rocking motion, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. A machine for removing the fins or burrs from type,consistin g of a suitable table or support for the type, a brush having its bristles disposed on an incline or at an angle to aperpendicular, a pivoted holder for the brush, means for operating said holder. and means for controlling the action thereon, substantially as and for the purpose described.

5. A machine for removing the fins or burrs from type, consisting of a suitable support or table for the type, a brush having its bristles disposed on an incline or at an angle to a perpendicular, a pivot-ed holder for the brush, means for operating the holder, and a treadle attachment and a releasing rod connected thereto for stopping or releasing the holder, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

(5. In a machine for removing the fins or burrs from type, consisting of a brush having its bristles disposed on an incline or at an an gle to a perpendicular, means for operating the brush, and a standard or column provided with a support with guide rollers, and a table movable thereon, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

7. In a machine for removing the fins or burrs from type, consisting of a brush having its bristles disposed on an incline or at an angle to a perpendicular, a pivoted holder for said brush, a rotatable shaft, and intermediate connections between the shaft and holder whereby the latter is operated, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. A machine for removing the fins or burrs from type, consisting of a vibratory brush having its bristles disposed on an incline or-at an angle to a perpendicular, a standard or column provided with a support having guide flanges and rollers, and a movable or sliding table con neeted to the support and having downwardly extending guide-flanges which overlap the flanges on the support, substantially as and for the purpose described.

9. In a machine for removing the fins or burrs from type, consisting of a brush having its bristles disposed on an incline or at an angle to a perpendicular, a pivoted holder for the brush, means for operating said holder, a treadle attachment, and a releasing-rod connected thereto for controlling the action of the holder, said rod being formed in sections and connected together by a suitable coupling whereby the length of said rod can be adjusted, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. In a machine for removing the fins or burrs from type, a suitable brush having its bristles disposed on an incline or at an angle to a perpendicular, a pivoted holder for the brush, a screw connecting rod having a slotted head detachably connected to the holder, a screw threaded socket engaging withthe screw threaded end of the rod, and means for imparting motion to said screw threaded socket whereby motion is communicated to the holder and to the brush, substantially as and for the purpose described.

11. In a machine for removing the fins or burrs from type, a suitable brush having its bristles disposed on an incline or at an angle to a perpendicular, a pivoted brush holder, means for operating it, and a spring for drawing the holder down after being raised by the operating mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

12. A machine for removing the fins or burrs from type, consisting of a suitable support for the type, a suitable brush havingits bristles disposed 011 an incline or at an angle to a perpendicular, a pivoted holder for the brush, a rotatable shaft having an eccentric or cams, and intermediate connections between the eccentric or cams and the holder, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

13. A machine for removing the fins or 'burrs from type, consisting of a support for 14. In a machine for removing the fins or burrs from type, consisting of a standard or column provided with a movable table for supporting the type, a brush having its bristles disposed on an incline, a bracket projecting from the standard or column, a brush holder pivoted to the bracket, a clamp and screw for holding the handle of the brush thereto, and means for operating the holder, substantially as and for the purpose described.

15. A machine for removing the fins or burrs from type, consisting of a brush having its bristles disposed on an incline or at an angle to a perpendicular, a suitable standard or column and a bracket projecting therefrom, a brush-holder pivotally connected to the bracket, means for operating the holder, a sliding or movable table supported on the standard or column, and guides or clamps connected to the upper side of the table, one of which guides or clamps is adjustable to adapt them to galleys of different widths, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

16. A machine for removing the fins or burrs from type, consisting of a suitable standard or column provided with a support having guide-rollers, a movable or sliding table upon the support, a suitable bracket projecting from the standard or column, a brush holder pivotally connected to the bracket, a rotatable driving shaft and intermediate connections between said shaft and holder, a spring connecting the holder with the bracket, a treadle connection and a releasing rod connected thereto for the purpose of controlling the action of the pivotedbrushholder, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

J OSIAS II. RICHARDS.

lVitnesses:

'W. GREGERY,

C. T. DAVIS. 

